Confinement, an e-learning booster
Changes study in content e-learning consumption and causality analysis trough a Bayesian Network
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.37467/revvisual.v9.3774Keywords:
Confinement, YouTube, Education, E-learning, Bayesian Networks, COVID-19Abstract
The confinement has been one of the measures adopted to mitigate the effects of Covid-19 with the greatest effect on society, such as changes in the consumption of content e-learning due to their need to acquire new knowledge. The objective is to establish causal links between periods of confinement and the growth of consumption of e-learning resources. Data on the use of a e-learning channel have been taken and Bayesian Network have been used as a methodological instrument. The results confirm this causal relationship. It shows lines of cause-effect research that could improve e-learning content attending on the user behavior.
Downloads
References
Álvarez, J. F. (2020). Evolución de la percepción del docente de secundaria español sobre la formación en TIC [Evolution of Spanish secondary school teachers‘ perception of ICT training]. Edutec. Revista Electrónica de Tecnología Educativa, (71), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.21556/edutec.2020.71.1567 DOI: https://doi.org/10.21556/edutec.2020.71.1567
Amarasekara, I. & Grant, W. J. (2018). Exploring the YouTube science communication gender gap: A sentiment analysis. Public Understanding of Science, 28(1), 68-84. http://doi.org/10.1177/0963662518786654 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/0963662518786654
Arriaga Azkarate, A., Marcellán Baraze, I. & González Vida, M. R. (2016). Las redes sociales: espacios de participación y aprendizaje para la producción de imágenes digitales de los jóvenes [Social networks: spaces of participation and learning for the production of digital images of young people]. Estudios sobre Educación, 30, 197-216. https://doi.org/10.15581/004.30.197-216 DOI: https://doi.org/10.15581/004.30.197-216
Bautista-Puig, N., De-Filippo, D., Mauleon, E. & Sanz-Casado, E. (2019). Scientific landscape of citizen science publications: Dyanmics, content and presence in social media. Publications, 7(12), 1-22. http://doi.org/10.3390/publications7010012. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3390/publications7010012
Becker, S. A. Cummins, M., Davis, A., Freeman, A., Hall-Giesinger, C. & Ananthanarayanan, V. (2017). NMC Horizon Report: 2017 Higher Education Edition. The New Media Consortium. https://bit.ly/2Wcd3md
Benavides Almarza, C. & García-Béjar, L. (2021). ¿Por qué ven Netflix quienes ven Netflix?: experiencias de engagement de jóvenes mexicanos frente a quien revolucionó el consumo audiovisual [Why Netflix is watched by those who watch Netflix: engagement experiences of young Mexicans facing the person who revolutionized audiovisual consumption]. Revista de Comunicación, 20(1), 29-47. https://revistadecomunicacion.com/article/view/2125 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26441/RC20.1-2021-A2
Berec (2020). BEREC summary report on the status of internet capacity in light of Covid-19 crisis. https://tinyurl.com/y342q2gj
Bohloko, M., Makatjane, T. J., George, M. J. & Mokuku, T. (2019) Assessing the effectiveness of using YouTube videos in teaching the chemistry of group i and vii elements in a high school in Lesotho. African Journal of Research in Mathematics, Science and Technology Education, 23(1), 75-85. https://doi.org/10.1080/18117295.2019.1593610 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/18117295.2019.1593610
Campos-Freire, F. (2015). Adaptación de los medios tradicionales a la innovación de los metamedios [Adapting traditional media to the innovation of metamedia]. El profesional de la información, 24(4), 441-450. https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2015.jul.11 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2015.jul.11
Carlson, J., Kadie, C., Mallal, S. & Heckerman, D. (2007). Leveraging hierarchical population structure in discrete association studies. PLoS One 2(7): e591. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000591 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0000591
Chang, C. T., Tsai, C. Y., Tsai, H. H., Chang, T. W. & Yu, P. T. (2019). Effectiveness of Dual- Screen e-Learning Material Studying in 360-Degree VR Environment. In: H. Müller, E. Butterfield & P. Kellenberger (Eds.). 2019 International Symposium on Educational Technology (ISET) (pp. 65-69). CPS Online. https://doi.org/10.1109/ISET.2019.00023 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/ISET.2019.00023
Chang, G. & Yano, S. (2020, May 19). How are countries addressing the Covid-19 challenges in education? A snapshot of policy measures. World Education Blog. https://n9.cl/33ozj
Cornock, M. (2020, March 12). Caling up online learning during the coronavirus (Covid-19) pandemic. Matt Cornock, Online Learning. https://n9.cl/b516x
Cowell, R. G., Dawid, A. P., Lauritzen, S. L. & Spiegelhalter, D. J. (1999). Probabilistic networks and expert systems. Springer.
Encinas-Martín, M. (2020). Spain: Aprendo en casa (Learn at home). Education continuity stories from the coronavirus crisis. OECD Publishing.
Gámez, J. A. (1998). Abducción en Modelos Gráficos [Abduction in graphical models]. In: J. A. Gámez Martín & J. M.Puerta Callejón (Eds.) Sistemas expertos probabilísticos (pp. 89-111). Servicio de Publicaciones de laUniversidad de Castilla-La Mancha.
García-Peñalvo, F.J., Rivero-Ortega Rector R., Rodríguez-Conde M. J. & Rodríguez-García, N. (2020). Institutional decisions to support distance learning and teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic. In: C.S. González González, A. Infante Moro, J. C. Infante Moro, J. Gallardo Pérezz, N. Aknin & K. Eddin El Kadiri (Eds.) X International Conference on Virtual Campus (pp. 1-5.) IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/JICV51605.2020.9375683 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1109/JICV51605.2020.9375683
Hargittai, E., Fuchslin, T. & Schafer, M. S. (2018). How do young adults engage with science and research on social media? Some preliminary findings and an agenda for future research. Social Media + Society, 4(3), 1-10. http://doi.org/10.1177/2056305118797720 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1177/2056305118797720
Herranz de la Casa, J., Caerols Mateo, R. & Sidorenko Bautista, P. (2019). La realidad virtual y el vídeo 360º en la comunicación empresarial e institucional [Virtual reality and 360º video in business and institutional communication]. Revista de Comunicación, 18(2), 177-199. https://doi.org/10.26441/RC18.2-2019-A9 DOI: https://doi.org/10.26441/RC18.2-2019-A9
Hidalgo-Pérez, M. (2020, April 18). Dime quién eres y te diré cómo matas el tiempo en la red [Tell me who you are and I‘ll tell you how you kill time online]. Diario El País. https://tinyurl.com/ycjn5dlw
Infinia (2020). Evolución de los intereses digitales sobre consume online en los hogares españoles entre marzo y abril 2020 [Evolution of digital interests in the online consumption of Spanish users during Covid-19.] https://bit.ly/3byw3By
Jenkins, H. (2009). Confronting the challenges of participatory culture: Media education for the 21st century. MacArthur Foundation. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/8435.001.0001
López Puga, J. & García García, J. (2007). Valores, Actitudes y Comportamiento Ecológico Modelados con una Red Bayesiana [Values, attitudes and ecological behavior modeled with a Bayesian network]. Medio Ambiente y Comportamiento Humano 8(1y2), 159-175. https://mach.webs.ull.es/PDFS/Vol8_1y2/Vol8_1y2_h.pdf
López Puga, J. & García García, J. De la Fuente Sánchez, L. & De la Fuente Solana, E. I. (2007). Las redes bayesianas como herramientas de modelado en psicología [Bayesian networks as modelling tools in psychology]. Anales de Psicología/Annals of Psychology, 23(2), 307-316. https://revistas.um.es/analesps/article/view/22211
López, J., García, J. & De la Fuente, E. I. (2005). Las redes bayesianas en psicología [Bayesian networks in Psychology]. In: En E. I. de la Fuente, J. L. Padilla, J. García, M. L. de la Fuente, M. C. Díaz, I. Ramírez, C. Porras, H. Trujillo, G. Cañadas & M. Castillo (Eds.) Actas del IX Congreso de Metodología de las Ciencias Sociales y de la Salud [IX Congress of Methodology of Social and Health Sciences] (pp. 964 - 976). Sider http://dx.doi.org/10.13140/2.1.2272.3362
Marín, C. & Carrero, O. (2018). YouTube como plataforma de innovación docente: un caso aplicado al canal zalathun creatividad [YouTube as a platform for teaching innovation: a case applied to Zalathun creativity]. In: J.Rodríguez Torres & J. Francisco Durán Medina (Eds.) Propuestas docentes para un nuevo curriculumuniversitario [Teaching proposals for a new University curriculum] (pp. 175-190). Tecnos.
Mojarro Aliaño, Á., Duarte Hueros, A. Guzmán Franco, M. D. & Aguaded, I. (2019). Mobile learning in university contexts based on the unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). Journal of New Approaches in Educational Research, 8(1), 7-17. https://doi.org/10.7821/naer.2019.1.317. DOI: https://doi.org/10.7821/naer.2019.1.317
Neapolitan, E. R. & Morris, S. (2004). Probabilistic modelling with Bayesian networks. In: D. Kaplan (Ed.), The SAGE handbook of quantitative methodology for the social sciences (pp. 371-390). Sage Publications. DOI: https://doi.org/10.4135/9781412986311.n20
Nokia (2020). Network traffic insights in the time of coronavirus disease (Covid-19). Nokia Deepfield Network Intelligence report. https://onestore.nokia.com/asset/207327
Orduña-Malea, E., Font-Julián, C. I. & Ontalba-Ruipérez, J. A. (2020). Covid-19: metric analysis of videos and communication channels on YouTube. El profesional de la información, 29(4). https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.jul.01 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3145/epi.2020.jul.01
Palazón-Herrera, J. P. (2018). Effectiveness and motivation towards the use of video tutorials when learning how to use music software. Culture and Education, 30(4), 663-692. https://doi.org/10.1080/11356405.2018.1514804 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/11356405.2018.1514804
Pattier, D. (2021). Science on Youtube: Successful Edutubers. TECHNO REVIEW. International Technology, Science and Society Review, 10(1), 1-15. https://doi.org/10.37467/gka-revtechno.v10.2696 DOI: https://doi.org/10.37467/gka-revtechno.v10.2696
Pearl, J. (2001). Bayesian networks, causal inference and knowledge discovery [Technical Report.]. UCLA Cognitive Systems Laboratory.
Pereira, S., Fillol, J. & Moura, P. (2019). Young people learning from digital media outside of school: the informal meets the formal. Communicate. Media Education Research Journal, 27(1). DOI: https://doi.org/10.3916/C58-2019-04 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3916/C58-2019-04
Quijano-Escate, R., Rebatta-Acuña, A., Garayar-Peceros, H., Gutiérrez-Flores, K. E. & Bendezu- Quispe, G. (2020). Aprendizaje en tiempos de aislamiento social: cursos masivos abiertos en línea sobre la COVID-19. [Learning in times of social isolation: massive open online courses on COVID-19] Revista Peruana de Medicina Experimental y Salud Pública, 37(2): 375-7. https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2020.372.5478 DOI: https://doi.org/10.17843/rpmesp.2020.372.5478
Ranga, J. S. (2017). Customized videos on a YouTube Channel: A beyond the classroom teaching and learning platform for general chemistry courses. Journal of Chemical Education, 94(7), 867-872. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00774 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jchemed.6b00774
Rangarajan, K., Begg, K. & Somani, B. (2019). Online digital media: The uptake of YouTube-based digital clinical education (DCE). American journal of distance education, 33(2), 142-150. https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2019.1582308 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/08923647.2019.1582308
Real Decreto 463/2020, de 14 de marzo, por el que se declara el estado de alarma para la gestión de la situación de crisis sanitaria ocasionada por el COVID-19 [Royal Decree 463/2020, of 14 March, declaring a state of alarm for the management of the health crisis situation caused by Covid-19]. Boletín Oficial del Estado, 67, 14 March 2020, 25390-25400. https://www.boe.es/eli/es/rd/2020/03/14/463
Ricardo-Barreto, C.T., Jabba Molinares, D., Llinás, H., Peña Santodomíngo, J., Astorga Acevedo, C., Acevedo Rodriguez, P., Baloco Navarro, C. & Villareal Villa, S. (2020). Trends in the use of ICT resources by teachers in IES (Higher Education Institutions). Journal of Information Technology Education: Research, 19, 395-425. https://doi.org/10.28945/4601 DOI: https://doi.org/10.28945/4601
Scolari, C. A. (2012). Media ecology: Exploring the metaphor to expand the theory. Communication theory, 22(2), 204-225. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2012.01404.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2885.2012.01404.x
Scolari, C. A. (2016). Alfabetismo transmedia. Estrategias de aprendizaje informal y competencias mediáticas en la nueva ecología de la comunicación [Transmedia literacy: informal learning strategies and media competencies in the new communication ecology]. Telos: Cuadernos de Comunicación e Innovación, (103), 13-23. https://telos.fundaciontelefonica.com/archivo/numero103/
Sharples, M., Roock, R. de, Ferguson, R., Gaved, M., Herodotou, C., Koh, E., Kukulska-Hulme, A., Looi, K., McAndrew, P., Rienties, B., Weller, M. & Wong, L. H. (2016). Innovating Pedagogy 2016: Open University Innovation Report 5. The Open University. https://bit.ly/2xGDozs
Suárez Rodríguez, F. J. (2017). Nuevos medios y usuarios en la era digital. [New media and users in the digital era]. Dykinson.
Sulaimanu, U., Nelson, O., Emejulu, C. & Oyedepo, T. (2019). Internet, YouTube and informal learning among undergraduate students. International Journal of Education and Information Technologies, 13, 1-5. https://bit.ly/2UsQuJB
Tapia-Jara, J., Sánchez-Ortíz, A. & Vidal-Silva, C. (2020). Estilos de aprendizaje e intención de uso de videos académicos de YouTube en el contexto universitario chileno [Learning styles and intent of using YouTube academic videos in the Chilean university context]. Formación universitaria, 13(1), 3-12. https://dx.doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50062020000100003 DOI: https://doi.org/10.4067/S0718-50062020000100003
Telefónica (2020, April 15). Telefónica registers during the Covid-19 crisis a growth in its internet traffic equivalent to that of the whole last year. https://bit.ly/2WKNXLI
Tiernan, P. & O’Kelly, J. (2019). Learning with digital video in second level schools in Ireland. Education and Information Technologies, 24(2), 1073-1088. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-018-9811-6 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10639-018-9811-6
Toffler, A. (1980). The third wave. Bantam Books.
Tur, G., Marín, V. I., Moreno, J., Gallardo, A. & Urbina, S. (2016). From diagrams to self-regulated learning: student teachers’ reflections on the construction of their PLE. Educational Media International, 53(2), 139-152. https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2016.1211335. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1080/09523987.2016.1211335
Vizcaíno-Verdú A., Contreras-Pulido P. & Guzmán-Franco M. D. (2019). Lectura y aprendizaje informal en YouTube: El booktuber [Informal reading and learning on YouTube: The booktuber]. Comunicar, XXVII(59), 95-104.https://doi.org/10.3916/C59-2019-09 DOI: https://doi.org/10.3916/C59-2019-09
Walsh, J. N., O’Brien, M. P. & Slattery, D. M. (2019). Video viewing patterns using different teaching treatments: A case study using YouTube analytics. Research in Education & Learning Innovation Archives (REALIA), (22), 77-95. https://doi.org/10.7203/realia.22.15389 DOI: https://doi.org/10.7203/realia.22.15389
Yammine, S. Z., Liu, C., Jarreau P. B. & Coe, I. R. (2018). Social media for social change in science. Science, 360(6385), 162-163. http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7303. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aat7303
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Those authors who publish in this journal accept the following terms:
- Authors will keep the moral right of the work and they will transfer the commercial rights.